1- Earth Leakage Circuit Breaker (ELCB):

ELCB is an electromechanical safety device which is used for protection against leakage voltage. It is very important device for human safety from electrical shock. It is works on voltage basis.

It is very important for protection against earth fault because the earth fault may be cause for system heating, short circut , burning or shock. After sensing earth fault or shock then it will tripped and circuit will be open. So many reason is available for using ELCB.

2- Circuit diagram of ELCB:

3- Working principle of ELCB:

It works on voltage basis. It detects leakage voltage on earth. Earth connection is compulsory for detecting leakage voltage. When live wire is damaged and touched with metal body and earth received current in ELCB. Outgoing earth and incoming is monitored by ELCB. When It detects the difference if the difference is more than preset value then circuit will be interrupted and resultant equipment will be safe.

4- Types of ELCB:

1. According to Phase:
   • Single Phase ELCB
   • Three Phase ELCB
2. According to Pole:
   • Double Pole ELCB
   • Four pole ELCB
3. According to current ratings:
   • 16A, 25A, 32A, 40A, 63A
4. According to leakage current:
   • 30ma, 100ma, 300ma

5- Why ELCB is used:

In domestic and industries many equipment and lighting circuits are used. Equipment live wire may be connect with metal body then the current will be pass on body. If any human touches equipment then he will get shock. So this condition is very dangers to the human. Other reason is due to leakage current, system may be heat or fire case in system.
So RCCB is used for equipment and human safety.

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