Transformer
Parts, Types, Safety and Maintenance of transformer.


Contents
  1. Transformer definition.
  2. Types of transformer.
  3. Oil transformer.
  4. Parts of oil transformer.
  5. Safeties of oil transformer.
  6. OLTC.
  7. RTCC.
  8. Buchholz relay.
  9. WTI.
  10. OTI.
  11. Dry transformer.
  12. Safeties of dry transformer.
  13. Step up transformer.
  14. Step down transformer.
  15. Three phase four wire system.
  16. Transformer oil dehydration.
  17. Transformer oil breakdown test.

1 - Transformer definition:

Transformer is a static and electrical device. It is used for transferring the voltage from one coil to another coil at different voltage as on same frequency. It works on mutual inductance process. High voltage and low current changes into low voltage and high current. Low voltage and high current changes into high voltage and low current as on same frequency.two coils-primary and secondary are used separately but both are installed on same insulated iron.


2 - Types of transformer.

Transformer is a static and electrical device. It is used for transferring the voltage from one coil to another coil at different voltage as on same frequency. It works on mutual inductance process. High voltage and low current changes into low voltage and high current. Low voltage and high current changes into high voltage and low current as on same frequency.two coils-primary and secondary are used separately but both are installed on same insulated iron core. READ MORE


3 - Oil transformer:

The oil type transformer is a famous equipment for us it is also used in a bulk above 500 KVA. It is used as an outdoor or open area and oil is used in this. The transformer oil is also called as insulation oil. The efficiency of it is very good in comparison to others.
The function of oil is two types, one is arc quenching in tank and reduces the winding temp It is used as a cooling medium for winding and core during load and its dielectric strength is very good. READ MORE


4 - Parts of oil transformer:

The oil type transformer is a famous equipment for us it is also used in a bulk above 500 KVA. It is used as an outdoor or open area and oil is used in this. The transformer oil is also called as insulation oil. The efficiency of it is very good in comparison to others.
The function of oil is two types, one is arc quenching in tank and reduces the winding temp It is used as a cooling medium for winding and core during load and its dielectric strength is very good. READ MORE


5 - Safeties of oil transformer:

Transformer is a electrical static device which is used for high voltage transformation as 11KV to 400KV. It is very costly device and after occurred fault the maintenance procedure is very costly and lengthy process.
Two type transformer are mostly used one is oil type and other is dry type. Transformer has two windings primary and secondary windings which is important and costly part. Many safety devices are used for protection of both windings.
READ MORE


6 - OLTC- On Load Tap Changer:

OLTC stands for On Load Tap Changer, means voltage is regulated in transformer in running condition. It is installed in a separate chamber and connected with primary winding. It is used in oil type transformer with 17 no’s taping. READ MORE


7 - RTCC- Remote Tap Changer Controller:

RTCC panel means Remote Tap Control Changer. It is used in transformer for regulating the voltage in auto mode or manual mode. It is main function of controlling to the OLTC. It is synchronized with OLTC control circuit. READ MORE


8 - Buchholz relay.

Buchholz relay is known as oil and gas actuated protection relay. It is safety device which is used above 500 KVa capacity of transformers. It is installed between the conservator and main tank. It is not required for small rating transformers below 500 KVA. READ MORE


9 - WTI- Winding Temp Indicator:

Winding is the important parts of transformer which is costly part so for winding safety, the winding temp indictor relay is used for protection. A more current increases due to over load and short circuit then the winding temp also increases. Due to high temp, the winding may be failure or oil tank may be damage. During load condition the current is circulated through winding then winding temp increases. READ MORE


10 - OTI- Oil Temp Indicator:

Winding is the important parts of transformer which is costly part so for winding safety, the oil temp indictor relay is used for protection. A more temp increases due to over load and short circuit then the oil temp also increases. Due to high temp, the winding may be failure or oil tank may be damage. During load condition the current is circulated through winding then oil temp increases. READ MORE


11- Dry transformer:

Dry type transformers are used without transformer oil. It is very safe for environmentally. It’s another name is cast resin transformer. Both windings are made by epoxy resin. The installation process of it is very simple. It is using in industries commonly. Installation cost is very high and maintenance cost is very low.
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12- Protection of dry transformer:

Dry type transformer is a caste resin type. It has required only temp protection relay. It has no more required protection as oil type. Different type protection relays available in market. But commonly all are same as function. It has 4nos protection available in this. Protection relay details are given below mentioned. READ MORE


13 - Step up Transformer:

Transformer is an electrical static device. The main function of transformer is voltage transformation as voltage increasing and decreasing on same frequency. Voltage is increased for power transmission line and voltage is decreased for power distribution line. READ MORE


14- Step down transformer.

Transformer is an electrical static device. The main function of transformer is voltage transformation as voltage increasing and decreasing on same frequency. Voltage is increased for power transmission line and voltage is decreased for power distribution line. READ MORE


15- Three phase four wire system.

The star connection in secondary side output is important so delta to star is called three phase four wire system. As per star winding, one side three phase R, Y, B winding points is connected as junction point and other side all three phases is connected to separate R, Y and B phase.

The junction of three phase is called neutral and it is connected to the earth point. So this type three phase and neutral is called as three phase four wire system.
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16 - Transformer oil dehydration:

Oil dehydration is part of annual maintenance which is carried out due to moisture content is mixed in transformer oil with time resultant the losses of transformer increases. Losses of transformer is relate with energy consumption. If the losses will increase then energy loss also will increase. READ MORE


17 - Transformer oil breakdown test:
+

Transformer BD test is carried out to the transformer oil which is used for moisture or dielectric strength checking in transformer oil. Due to moisture,losses of transformer is increased as per permissible limit. For better transformer operation, oil insulation capacity should be good. The moisture is very harmful for transformer oil die electric strength. READ MORE


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